| 11th United States Congress | |||
United States Capitol (1800) |
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| Duration: March 4, 1809 – March 3, 1811 | |||
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| Senate President: | George Clinton | ||
| Senate Pres. pro tem: | John Milledge Andrew Gregg John Gaillard John Pope |
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| House Speaker: | Joseph Bradley Varnum | ||
| Members: | 34 Senators 142 Representatives 3 Non-voting members |
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| Senate Majority: | Democratic-Republican | ||
| House Majority: | Democratic-Republican | ||
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| Sessions | |||
| Special: March 4, 1809 – March 7, 1809 1st: May 22, 1809 – June 28, 1809 2nd: November 27, 1809 – May 1, 1810 3rd: December 3, 1810 – March 3, 1811 |
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The Eleventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1809 to March 3, 1811, during the first two years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Second Census of the United States in 1800. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
| Party (Shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) |
Federalist (F) |
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| End of the previous congress | 28 | 6 | 34 | 0 |
| Begin | 26 | 7 | 33 | 1 |
| End | 27 | 34 | 0 | |
| Final voting share | 79.4% | 20.6% | ||
| Beginning of the next congress | 28 | 6 | 34 | 0 |
| Party (Shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) |
Federalist (F) |
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| End of the previous congress | 115 | 27 | 142 | 0 |
| Begin | 94 | 48 | 142 | 0 |
| End | 47 | 141 | 1 | |
| Final voting share | 66.7% | 33.3% | ||
| Beginning of the next congress | 106 | 36 | 142 | 0 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1814; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1810; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1812.
Connecticut
Delaware
Georgia
Kentucky
Maryland
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
New Jersey
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New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Vermont
Virginia
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The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
There were 8 resignations, 2 deaths, 1 interim appointment, and 1 vacancy from before this Congress.
| State (class) |
Former senator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
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| Ohio (3) |
Vacant | Edward Tiffin (DR) resigned at the end of the previous Congress | Stanley Griswold (DR) | Seated May 18, 1809 |
| New Jersey (2) |
Aaron Kitchell (DR) | Resigned March 12, 1809 | John Condit (DR) | Seated March 21, 1809 |
| Tennessee (2) |
Daniel Smith (DR) | Resigned March 31, 1809 | Jenkin Whiteside (DR) | Seated April 11, 1809 |
| Rhode Island (1) |
Francis Malbone (F) | Died June 4, 1809 | Christopher G. Champlin (F) | Seated June 26, 1809 |
| Delaware (1) |
Samuel White (F) | Died November 4, 1809 | Outerbridge Horsey (F) | Seated January 12, 1810 |
| Georgia (3) |
John Milledge (DR) | Resigned November 14, 1809 | Charles Tait (DR) | Seated November 27, 1809 |
| Ohio (3) |
Stanley Griswold (DR) | Successor chosen December 11, 1809 | Alexander Campbell (DR) | Seated December 11, 1809 |
| Kentucky (2) |
Buckner Thruston (DR) | Appointed judge of the US District Court of the District of Columbia December 18, 1809 | Henry Clay (DR) | Seated November 4, 1810 |
| New Hampshire (3) |
Nahum Parker (DR) | Resigned June 1, 1810 | Charles Cutts (DR) | Seated June 21, 1810 |
| Connecticut (1) |
James Hillhouse (F) | Resigned June 10, 1810 | Samuel W. Dana (F) | Seated December 4, 1810 |
| Ohio (1) |
Return J. Meigs, Jr. (DR) | Resigned on or before December 10, 1810 to become Governor of Ohio | Thomas Worthington (DR) | Seated December 15, 1810 |
| South Carolina (2) |
Thomas Sumter (DR) | Resigned December 16, 1810 | John Taylor (DR) | Seated December 31, 1810 |
Of the voting members, there were 12 resignations, 1 death, and 1 change due to a contested election.
| District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
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| Indiana Territory | Vacant | failure to elect | Jonathan Jennings | Seated November 27, 1809 |
| Pennsylvania 1st |
Benjamin Say (DR) | Resigned June, 1809 | Adam Seybert (DR) | Seated October 10, 1809 |
| Massachusetts 7th |
William Baylies (F) | Lost contested election June 28, 1809 | Charles Turner, Jr. (DR) | June 28, 1809 |
| Virginia 21st |
Wilson C. Nicholas (DR) | Resigned November 27, 1809 | David S. Garland (DR) | Seated January 17, 1810 |
| Maryland 7th |
John Brown (DR) | Resigned sometime in 1810 | Robert Wright (DR) | Seated November 29, 1810 |
| Massachusetts 10th |
Jabez Upham (F) | Resigned sometime in 1810 | Joseph Allen (F) | October 8, 1810 |
| New York 2nd |
William Denning (DR) | Resigned sometime in 1810 | Samuel L. Mitchill (DR) | December 4, 1810 |
| Kentucky 5th |
Benjamin Howard (DR) | Resigned April 10, 1810 after becoming Governor of Louisiana Territory | William T. Barry (DR) | Seated August 8, 1810 |
| Connecticut At-large |
Samuel W. Dana (F) | Resigned May 10, 1810 after being elected to US Senate | Ebenezer Huntington (F) | October 11, 1810 |
| Maryland 4th |
Roger Nelson (DR) | Resigned May 14, 1810 | Samuel Ringgold (DR) | Seated October 15, 1810 |
| Massachusetts 11th |
William Stedman (F) | Resigned July 16, 1810 | Abijah Bigelow (F) | October 8, 1810 |
| New Jersey At-large |
James Cox (DR) | Died September 12, 1810 | John A. Scudder (DR) | Seated October 31, 1810 |
| Virginia 1st |
John G. Jackson (DR) | Resigned September 28, 1810 | William McKinley (DR) | Seated December 21, 1810 |
| South Carolina 1st |
Robert Marion (DR) | Resigned October 4, 1810 | Langdon Cheves (DR) | Seated December 31, 1810 |
| South Carolina 4th |
John Taylor (DR) | Resigned December 30, 1810 after becoming US Senator | Vacant | Not filled for remainder of term |
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